(India ki Hukumati banaawat)
1) India ek Democratic Republic yaane awaami jamhuriyat hai, jaaha qaanuun ki hukumat chalti hai, qaanuun sab se upar hai, qaanuun ke upar koi nahi. India ka qaanuun India ka Constitution yaane Aain hai. India ke Constitution ko India ki Constituent Assembly ne banaaya tha, Constituent Assembly wo group tha jisko ye zimmedaari di gayi thi ke wo Constitution tayyaar kare, Constituent Assembly ne qaanuun banaane ke ye ikhteyaar yaane power India ke logou se liye the.
2) India ka Constitution India ko ek Union yaane ek political group manta hai, India asal me boht saare alag alag States ya Riyaasato ka ek Union ya Political group hai. Isi wajaah se Constitution do alag alag level ki Governments ya Hukumat ke systems ko qaayam karta hai, pehle level ka system poore Union par laagu hota hai aur dusre level me alag alag States ke apne alag alag system hai. Ye dono systems Constitution ke hisaab se kaam karte hai.
3) Government ya Hukumat ke in systems ke phir tiin tiin hisse hote hai, tino hisso ko mila kar ek system banta hai. Union ke bhi tiin hisse hai, aur alag alag states ke apne apne system ke bhi tiin tiin hisse hai. System ke pehle hisse ko legislature ya qaanuun saaziat kehte hai, system ke dusre hisse ko executive ya amaliya kehte hai aur system ke tiisre hisse ko judiciary ya adaliya kehte hai. Is tarah se Union ke system ke tiin hisse: Union Legislature, Union Executive aur Union Judiciary hai, jabke alag alag states ke apne apne system ke bhi tiin tiin hisse hai: State Legislature, State Executive aur State Judiciary.
4) Union ko Centre bhi kaha jata hai, aur Union Executive ko Central government bhi kaha jaata hai.
5) Legislature ka kaam hota hai qaanuun banana. Executive ka kaam hota hai bane huwe qaanuun ke hisaab se Government chalaana aur Government ke kaam kaaj ke faisle lena. Judiciary ka kaam hota hai qaanuun ke hisaab se faisle karna.
6) India ke Consitution ne saare kaam kaaj ko tiin hisso me divide kar diya hai, pehle qism ke kaam sirf union ke hote hai oon kaam kaaj me kisi bhi state ka koi lena dena nahi hota hai, dusre qism ke kaam sirf states ke hote hai aur oon kaam kaaj me union ka koi lena dena nahi hota, tisre qism ke common kaam kaaj aese hote hai jo union aur state dono bhi lekar kar sakte hai. Kaam kaaj ki ye tino lists Consitution me likhi hui hai.
7) Is hi hisaab se union legislature apne hisse ke kaam kaaj ke bare me qaanuun banaata hai, aur Union Executive oon qaanuun ke hisaab se Union hukumat ya Central Government ko chalata hai. Isi tarha se state legislature apne hisse ke kaam kaaj ke bare me qaanuun banaata hai, aur state executive oon qaanuun ke hisaab se state hukumat ya State Government ko chalata hai.
8) Judiciary bhi do hisso me bati hui hai, ek jo poori union par laagu hoti hai, jise union judiciary keh sakte hai. Dusri hoti hai alag alag states ki apni apni judiciary jinhe state judiciary keh sakte hai. Lekin alag alag state ki saari state judiciaries union judiciary ke qabu me hoti hai, aur union judiciary ke hisaab se alag alag state me kaam karti hai.
9) Constitution of India ke hisaab se India ka sabse bada ohda President of India yaane Sadare Jamhuriya ka hota hai, India ki poorii Hukumat onhi ke naam se chalaayi jaati hai.
10) Union Legislature Union Hukumat ke liye qaanuun banaata hai, Union legislature ko Parliament of India ya Sansad kehte hai. Parliament tiin chizo se mil kar banta hai, pehle khud President of India, dusri chiz hai Lok Sabha aur tisri chiz hai Rajya sabha.
11) Lok Sabha ko India ke log Election ke zariye banaate hai, Lok Sabha logo ke chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Lok Sabha sirf paanch salo ke liye banaayi jaati hai, uske baad ose khatam karke naye election ke zariye nayi Lok Sabha banaayi jati hai.
12) Rajya Sabha ko alag alag states apni apni taraf se members ko bhej kar tayyar karte hai, Rajya Sabha alag alag states ke bheje huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Rajya Sabha ko kabhi bhi poora khatam nahi ki jaa sakta, sirf oske kuch purane members ko hata kar naye members laye jate hai.
13) Union Executive Union Hukumat ya Central Government ko qaanuun ke hisaab se chalaata hai. Constitution of India Prime-Minister ya Wazire Aazam ko Union Executive ko chalaane ki zimmedaari deta hai.
14) Prime Minister Parliament ka ek member hota hai. Prime Minister kaun hoga ye chunne ka haq sirf Lok Sabha ka hota hai, Lok Sabha apne hi kisi member ko Prime Minister bana sakti hai ya phir Rajya Sabha ke kisi member ko bhi chun sakti hai.
15) Prime Minister apni marzi se Parliament ke alag alag members ko Ministers banaata hai, alag alag ministers ka kaam alag alag kaam kaaj sambhal kar Prime Minister ki madad karna hota hai. Prime Minister aur sab Ministers ko milaakar Cabinet bolte hai. Cabinet Prime Minister par tiki hoti hai, isi waja se ek Prime Minister ke hat jaane se ooski poori Cabinet khatam ho jaati hai.
16) Prime Minister oske ohde par Lok Sabha ki marzi se rehte hai, jab Lok Sabha ki marzi nahi hoti hai to Prime Minister ko oske ohde se hatna padta hai. Isi ke saath jab ek Lok Sabha khatam hoti hai to oske saath hi oska banaaya huwa Prime Minister bhi hat jaata hai. Jiske baad India ke log Election ke zariye ek nayi Lok Sabha banaate hai.
17) Union Judiciary ko India ka Supreme Court chalata hai, jo poore India ke upar judicial ya adaalati power rakhta hai, iske saath hi sare alag alag state ki state judiciary bhi Supreme Court ke control me hoti hai aur osi ke hisaab se kaam karti hai. Supreme Court ke sabse bade ohde par Chief Justice of India baithte hai.
18) Constitution of India ke hisaab se kisi bhi State ka sabse bada ohda Governor ka hota hai, India ke President khud apne hukm se alag alag states me alag alag Governor bhejte hai. Governor President of India ke nichle ohde par baith kar apne apne state ki karwaahi chalaate hai. Kabhi kabhi do ya do se zyada States ke liye ek common Governor bhi ho sakte hai.
19) State Legislature State Government ke liye qaanuun banaata hai. State Legislature do chizo se mil kar banta hai, pehle oos State ke Governor, dusri chiz hai oos State ki Assembly ya Vidhan Sabha.
20) Vidhan Sabha ko State me rehne wale log Election ke zariye banaate hai, Vidhan Sabha State me rehne wale logo ke chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Vidhan Sabha sirf paanch salo ke liye banaayi jaati hai, uske baad ose khatam karke naye election ke zariye nayi Vidhan Sabha banaayi jati hai.
21) Kuch States me Lok Sabha aur Rajya Sabha ki tarha do Sabhaae hoti hai, pehli to Vidhan Sabha aur dusra hota hai Vidhan Parishad. Vidhan Parishad ko State ke rehne wale logou me se boht zyaada qaabil log jo apne apne kaamo me boht maahir hote hai onhe chun kar banaaya jaata hai, Vidhan Parishad aese chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Vidhan Parishad ko bhi Rajya Sabha ki tarha kabhi bhi poora khatam nahi ki jaa sakta, sirf oske kuch purane members ko hata kar naye members laye jate hai.
22) State Executive State Hukumat ya State Government ko qaanuun ke hisaab se chalaata hai. Constitution of India Chief-Minister ya Wazire Aala ko State Executive ko chalaane ki zimmedaari deta hai.
23) Chief Minister State legislature ka ek member hota hai. Chief Minister kaun hoga ye chunne ka haq sirf Vidhan Sabha ka hota hai, Vidhan Sabha State Legislature ke kisi member ko Chief Minister banati hai.
24) Chief Minister apni marzi se State legislature ke alag alag members ko Ministers banaata hai, alag alag ministers ka kaam alag alag kaam kaaj sambhal kar Chief Minister ki madad karna hota hai. Chief Minister aur sab Ministers ko milaakar Cabinet bolte hai. Cabinet Chief Minister par tiki hoti hai, isi waja se ek Chief Minister ke hat jaane se ooski poori Cabinet khatam ho jaati hai.
25) Chief Minister oske ohde par Vidhan Sabha ki marzi se rehte hai, jab Vidhan Sabha ki marzi nahi hoti hai to Chief Minister ko oske ohde se hatna padta hai. Isi ke saath jab ek Vidhan Sabha khatam hoti hai to oske saath hi oska banaaya huwa Chief Minister bhi hat jaata hai. Jiske baad State ke rehne wale log Election ke zariye ek nayi Vidhan Sabha banaate hai.
26) State Judiciary ko State ka High Court chalata hai, jo poore State ke upar judicial ya adaalati power rakhta hai, lekin High Court khud Supreme Court ke control me hoti hai aur osi ke hisaab se kaam karti hai. High Court ke sabse bade ohde par High Court ke Chief Justice baithte hai. Kabhi kabhi do ya do se zyada States ke liye ek common High Court ho sakti hai.
27) India ke kuch aese ilaaqe hai jo kisi State ke under nahi aate hai, onhe Union Territory kaha jata hai, wo directly Central Government hi chalaati hai, do aesi khaas ya special Union territories hai jinke paas kisi State ki tarha territory ke kuch special kaam kaaj karne ke special power hai, onhe Assembly ke zariye chalaaya jaata hai.
28) Constitution India ke liye ek Attorney General rakhne ko bhi kehta hai, jise President Central Government ki advice ke mutaabiq chunte hai, dekha jaaye to ye Central Government ya Union ka qaanuuni wakeel hota hai. Isi hisab se alag alag States ke bhi ek ek wakeel hote hai jinhe Advocate Generals kehte hai.
29) Constitution India ke liye ek Comptroller Auditor General rakhne ko bhi kehta hai, jise President Central Government ki Advice ke mutaabiq chunte hai, dekha jaaye to ye India ke khazane ka hisaab kitaab rakhta hai.
30) Constitution India ke liye ek Election Commission establish karta hai, jiska kaam hai India ke alag alag Elections ko karaana. Election Commission ko chalane ki zimmedari Chief Election Commissioner ki hoti hai.
31) Constitution India ke liye ek Public Service Commission establish karta hai, jiska kaam hai India ke liye saare sarkaari afsaro ko chunna. Osi tarike se States me aese Commissions hote hai jo Sate ke Sarkari afsaro ko chunte hai. Aese Commissions ko Chief Commissioners chalate hai
32) India ki defense yaane Army, Navy aur Air Force President of India ke control me hoti hai, jinhe Central Government aur Defense ke Chiefs officers milkar President ke naam se control karte hai.
1) India ek Democratic Republic yaane awaami jamhuriyat hai, jaaha qaanuun ki hukumat chalti hai, qaanuun sab se upar hai, qaanuun ke upar koi nahi. India ka qaanuun India ka Constitution yaane Aain hai. India ke Constitution ko India ki Constituent Assembly ne banaaya tha, Constituent Assembly wo group tha jisko ye zimmedaari di gayi thi ke wo Constitution tayyaar kare, Constituent Assembly ne qaanuun banaane ke ye ikhteyaar yaane power India ke logou se liye the.
2) India ka Constitution India ko ek Union yaane ek political group manta hai, India asal me boht saare alag alag States ya Riyaasato ka ek Union ya Political group hai. Isi wajaah se Constitution do alag alag level ki Governments ya Hukumat ke systems ko qaayam karta hai, pehle level ka system poore Union par laagu hota hai aur dusre level me alag alag States ke apne alag alag system hai. Ye dono systems Constitution ke hisaab se kaam karte hai.
3) Government ya Hukumat ke in systems ke phir tiin tiin hisse hote hai, tino hisso ko mila kar ek system banta hai. Union ke bhi tiin hisse hai, aur alag alag states ke apne apne system ke bhi tiin tiin hisse hai. System ke pehle hisse ko legislature ya qaanuun saaziat kehte hai, system ke dusre hisse ko executive ya amaliya kehte hai aur system ke tiisre hisse ko judiciary ya adaliya kehte hai. Is tarah se Union ke system ke tiin hisse: Union Legislature, Union Executive aur Union Judiciary hai, jabke alag alag states ke apne apne system ke bhi tiin tiin hisse hai: State Legislature, State Executive aur State Judiciary.
4) Union ko Centre bhi kaha jata hai, aur Union Executive ko Central government bhi kaha jaata hai.
5) Legislature ka kaam hota hai qaanuun banana. Executive ka kaam hota hai bane huwe qaanuun ke hisaab se Government chalaana aur Government ke kaam kaaj ke faisle lena. Judiciary ka kaam hota hai qaanuun ke hisaab se faisle karna.
6) India ke Consitution ne saare kaam kaaj ko tiin hisso me divide kar diya hai, pehle qism ke kaam sirf union ke hote hai oon kaam kaaj me kisi bhi state ka koi lena dena nahi hota hai, dusre qism ke kaam sirf states ke hote hai aur oon kaam kaaj me union ka koi lena dena nahi hota, tisre qism ke common kaam kaaj aese hote hai jo union aur state dono bhi lekar kar sakte hai. Kaam kaaj ki ye tino lists Consitution me likhi hui hai.
7) Is hi hisaab se union legislature apne hisse ke kaam kaaj ke bare me qaanuun banaata hai, aur Union Executive oon qaanuun ke hisaab se Union hukumat ya Central Government ko chalata hai. Isi tarha se state legislature apne hisse ke kaam kaaj ke bare me qaanuun banaata hai, aur state executive oon qaanuun ke hisaab se state hukumat ya State Government ko chalata hai.
8) Judiciary bhi do hisso me bati hui hai, ek jo poori union par laagu hoti hai, jise union judiciary keh sakte hai. Dusri hoti hai alag alag states ki apni apni judiciary jinhe state judiciary keh sakte hai. Lekin alag alag state ki saari state judiciaries union judiciary ke qabu me hoti hai, aur union judiciary ke hisaab se alag alag state me kaam karti hai.
9) Constitution of India ke hisaab se India ka sabse bada ohda President of India yaane Sadare Jamhuriya ka hota hai, India ki poorii Hukumat onhi ke naam se chalaayi jaati hai.
10) Union Legislature Union Hukumat ke liye qaanuun banaata hai, Union legislature ko Parliament of India ya Sansad kehte hai. Parliament tiin chizo se mil kar banta hai, pehle khud President of India, dusri chiz hai Lok Sabha aur tisri chiz hai Rajya sabha.
11) Lok Sabha ko India ke log Election ke zariye banaate hai, Lok Sabha logo ke chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Lok Sabha sirf paanch salo ke liye banaayi jaati hai, uske baad ose khatam karke naye election ke zariye nayi Lok Sabha banaayi jati hai.
12) Rajya Sabha ko alag alag states apni apni taraf se members ko bhej kar tayyar karte hai, Rajya Sabha alag alag states ke bheje huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Rajya Sabha ko kabhi bhi poora khatam nahi ki jaa sakta, sirf oske kuch purane members ko hata kar naye members laye jate hai.
13) Union Executive Union Hukumat ya Central Government ko qaanuun ke hisaab se chalaata hai. Constitution of India Prime-Minister ya Wazire Aazam ko Union Executive ko chalaane ki zimmedaari deta hai.
14) Prime Minister Parliament ka ek member hota hai. Prime Minister kaun hoga ye chunne ka haq sirf Lok Sabha ka hota hai, Lok Sabha apne hi kisi member ko Prime Minister bana sakti hai ya phir Rajya Sabha ke kisi member ko bhi chun sakti hai.
15) Prime Minister apni marzi se Parliament ke alag alag members ko Ministers banaata hai, alag alag ministers ka kaam alag alag kaam kaaj sambhal kar Prime Minister ki madad karna hota hai. Prime Minister aur sab Ministers ko milaakar Cabinet bolte hai. Cabinet Prime Minister par tiki hoti hai, isi waja se ek Prime Minister ke hat jaane se ooski poori Cabinet khatam ho jaati hai.
16) Prime Minister oske ohde par Lok Sabha ki marzi se rehte hai, jab Lok Sabha ki marzi nahi hoti hai to Prime Minister ko oske ohde se hatna padta hai. Isi ke saath jab ek Lok Sabha khatam hoti hai to oske saath hi oska banaaya huwa Prime Minister bhi hat jaata hai. Jiske baad India ke log Election ke zariye ek nayi Lok Sabha banaate hai.
17) Union Judiciary ko India ka Supreme Court chalata hai, jo poore India ke upar judicial ya adaalati power rakhta hai, iske saath hi sare alag alag state ki state judiciary bhi Supreme Court ke control me hoti hai aur osi ke hisaab se kaam karti hai. Supreme Court ke sabse bade ohde par Chief Justice of India baithte hai.
18) Constitution of India ke hisaab se kisi bhi State ka sabse bada ohda Governor ka hota hai, India ke President khud apne hukm se alag alag states me alag alag Governor bhejte hai. Governor President of India ke nichle ohde par baith kar apne apne state ki karwaahi chalaate hai. Kabhi kabhi do ya do se zyada States ke liye ek common Governor bhi ho sakte hai.
19) State Legislature State Government ke liye qaanuun banaata hai. State Legislature do chizo se mil kar banta hai, pehle oos State ke Governor, dusri chiz hai oos State ki Assembly ya Vidhan Sabha.
20) Vidhan Sabha ko State me rehne wale log Election ke zariye banaate hai, Vidhan Sabha State me rehne wale logo ke chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Vidhan Sabha sirf paanch salo ke liye banaayi jaati hai, uske baad ose khatam karke naye election ke zariye nayi Vidhan Sabha banaayi jati hai.
21) Kuch States me Lok Sabha aur Rajya Sabha ki tarha do Sabhaae hoti hai, pehli to Vidhan Sabha aur dusra hota hai Vidhan Parishad. Vidhan Parishad ko State ke rehne wale logou me se boht zyaada qaabil log jo apne apne kaamo me boht maahir hote hai onhe chun kar banaaya jaata hai, Vidhan Parishad aese chune huwe members ke group ko kehte hai. Vidhan Parishad ko bhi Rajya Sabha ki tarha kabhi bhi poora khatam nahi ki jaa sakta, sirf oske kuch purane members ko hata kar naye members laye jate hai.
22) State Executive State Hukumat ya State Government ko qaanuun ke hisaab se chalaata hai. Constitution of India Chief-Minister ya Wazire Aala ko State Executive ko chalaane ki zimmedaari deta hai.
23) Chief Minister State legislature ka ek member hota hai. Chief Minister kaun hoga ye chunne ka haq sirf Vidhan Sabha ka hota hai, Vidhan Sabha State Legislature ke kisi member ko Chief Minister banati hai.
24) Chief Minister apni marzi se State legislature ke alag alag members ko Ministers banaata hai, alag alag ministers ka kaam alag alag kaam kaaj sambhal kar Chief Minister ki madad karna hota hai. Chief Minister aur sab Ministers ko milaakar Cabinet bolte hai. Cabinet Chief Minister par tiki hoti hai, isi waja se ek Chief Minister ke hat jaane se ooski poori Cabinet khatam ho jaati hai.
25) Chief Minister oske ohde par Vidhan Sabha ki marzi se rehte hai, jab Vidhan Sabha ki marzi nahi hoti hai to Chief Minister ko oske ohde se hatna padta hai. Isi ke saath jab ek Vidhan Sabha khatam hoti hai to oske saath hi oska banaaya huwa Chief Minister bhi hat jaata hai. Jiske baad State ke rehne wale log Election ke zariye ek nayi Vidhan Sabha banaate hai.
26) State Judiciary ko State ka High Court chalata hai, jo poore State ke upar judicial ya adaalati power rakhta hai, lekin High Court khud Supreme Court ke control me hoti hai aur osi ke hisaab se kaam karti hai. High Court ke sabse bade ohde par High Court ke Chief Justice baithte hai. Kabhi kabhi do ya do se zyada States ke liye ek common High Court ho sakti hai.
27) India ke kuch aese ilaaqe hai jo kisi State ke under nahi aate hai, onhe Union Territory kaha jata hai, wo directly Central Government hi chalaati hai, do aesi khaas ya special Union territories hai jinke paas kisi State ki tarha territory ke kuch special kaam kaaj karne ke special power hai, onhe Assembly ke zariye chalaaya jaata hai.
28) Constitution India ke liye ek Attorney General rakhne ko bhi kehta hai, jise President Central Government ki advice ke mutaabiq chunte hai, dekha jaaye to ye Central Government ya Union ka qaanuuni wakeel hota hai. Isi hisab se alag alag States ke bhi ek ek wakeel hote hai jinhe Advocate Generals kehte hai.
29) Constitution India ke liye ek Comptroller Auditor General rakhne ko bhi kehta hai, jise President Central Government ki Advice ke mutaabiq chunte hai, dekha jaaye to ye India ke khazane ka hisaab kitaab rakhta hai.
30) Constitution India ke liye ek Election Commission establish karta hai, jiska kaam hai India ke alag alag Elections ko karaana. Election Commission ko chalane ki zimmedari Chief Election Commissioner ki hoti hai.
31) Constitution India ke liye ek Public Service Commission establish karta hai, jiska kaam hai India ke liye saare sarkaari afsaro ko chunna. Osi tarike se States me aese Commissions hote hai jo Sate ke Sarkari afsaro ko chunte hai. Aese Commissions ko Chief Commissioners chalate hai
32) India ki defense yaane Army, Navy aur Air Force President of India ke control me hoti hai, jinhe Central Government aur Defense ke Chiefs officers milkar President ke naam se control karte hai.
(Search words: Bharat ki rajnitik banawat dhacha dhancha)
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